Whether you begin with natural or engineered wood, cement, vinyl or linoleum, practically any flooring can be painted. On all surfaces, any old treatment must be removed or modified to accept paint. “The preparation of the surface is important,” says Kristie Larker, assistant product manager at Dutch Boy Paints. “Be sure to use floor paint and the best surface preparation possible.” Proper preparation is essential to creating a floor that can stand up to every day use.

Step 1: Clean

• Wood: Must be free of varnish or wax.
   
• Cement: Must be cleaned of all dust, construction glues or drywall paste.
   
• Vinyl: Should be cleaned with tri-sodium phosphate to remove the glossy finish. Stubborn spots, due to texturing on most vinyl surfaces, need to be sanded. Sanding accompanied by a de-glosser assists with preparation by scuffing the surface so paint will adhere well to the floor.
   
• Linoleum: Should be removed if it is cracked or chipped. If it’s in good shape, it need only be sanded slightly and cleaned for preparation.

Step 2: Prime
Generally, an oil-based primer is used. A second coat may be needed depending on the condition of the original floor. The manufacturer’s application instructions are important to follow—the primer is the foundation for all following layers, so it must be applied correctly.

Step 3: Create
Next is the decorative layer which is where your personality can shine. Oil- or latex-based paints are used for the decorative coat. Latex is most commonly used because it adheres well to different surfaces and is easy to clean up. For an extra hard, shiny finish, use an oil-based paint.

Step 4: Seal
After the decorative layer of paint is dry, a top layer of floor-quality, clear coat latex or varnish is sometimes applied. Not all floors need one, but a final coat insures the design won’t wear off and any moisture or spills are easily wiped away.

Cement Enhancement
If you’re working with a concrete floor, consider forgoing the idea of paint for a floor stain. Acid staining not only protects and extends the life of your concrete floor; it also creates a stunning surface on old or new concrete. Available in a wide range of colors, stains can be the highly durable solvent-based or acrylic, which creates no fumes.